Izikhwicamfundo ezimbalwa zivumelene izolo ukuthi kumele kuhlawulwe izihlobo zabansundu abazalwa ngabenziwa izigqili kusukela ngomnyaka ka1619 kwele Melika ngoba bathwele nzima ngokuzama ukuzithuthukisa.
Lokhu kwethulwe ngoLwesine emhlanganweni ekolotshini lemfundo ephezulu eyeNorfolk State University eVirginia obuqoqwe likolitshi leli lomsakazo weVoice of America obuhlolisisa umonakalo owenzakala ebantwini abansundu abathunjwa kwele Angola lamanye amazwe ngaMaphuthukezi labanye abamhlophe.
Umhlangano lo, obulesihloko esithi ‘Africa to America: The Odyssey of Slavery’ ongenwe yizifundi lezikhwicamfundo, ubulabahlonitshwa ababalisa uAssociate Professor Robert Trent Vinson wekolitshi leCollege of William and Mary, uSuperintendent Terry Brown weFort Monroe National Monument, uSikhwicamfundo Gloria J. Browne-Marshall wekolitshi leJohn Jay College, labanye.
Bavumelane ukuthi kumele kuhlawulwe izihlobo zabantu abenziwa izigqili kwele Melika. UProfessor Vinson uthi lokhu akuthandabuzwa ngoba izigqili zasebenza gadalala kwele Melika.
“Kwathi kuphela ukwenziwa abantu izigqili ngo1860 kwasekudlule iminyaka engu 246 kusetshenziswa amandla ezigqili kwele Melika. Lapha sikhuluma ngokutshontshwa kwamandla abanye abantu abathola inotho emangalisayo.”
Uthi amabhanga lamanye amankampani athuthuka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezigqili.
“Amakololitshi, amabhanga, amankampani abona ngeze insurance athola inzuzo emangalisayo. Kwasuswa inotho kwabansundu yathathwa ngamankampani lalabo ababelezigqili.”
Ngakho-ke uthi kumele kuhlawulwe labo abalezihlobo ezenziwa izigqili.
“Kumele kuhlawulwe ngoba kwatshontshelwa abantu abansundu umnotho wabo. Kufunakala ukuthi konke lokhu kulungiswe ukwenzela ukuthi baziphilise. Kumele kubelenhlelo ezinengi ezikhangelane lezemfundo, ezempikakahle, izindlu lokunye okutshiyeneyo.”
Lokhu kusekelwe nguSikhwicamfundo Browne-Marshall.
“Kumele ukuhlawulwa lokhu kuqaliswe ngokukhumisana umlotha lokuvuma ukuthi izigqili zalethela abamhlophe lamankampani kwele Melika inotho enhle. Esikubonayo yikuthi kungenziwa njengalokhu okwenzakala kusanda kuphela impi yokuqala yomhlaba wonke. Abantu bangavunyelwa ukuthi baye emakolotshini bengahlawuleli imfundo, abantu bathole izindlu bengafakanga imali yesebambiso, kumiswe njalo ukudlwengulwa kwabantu emajele lokuncindezela abansundu ngemithetho.”
Omunye njalo osekela lokhu nguSuperintendent Brown othi kwakulezigqili ezinengi okumangalisayo ngomnyaka ka1860 sokuvinjwe ukuthenga lokuthengisa abantu abansundu.
“Kwakulabantu abafika izigidi ezine kwele Melika ababebiza amabhiliyoni amathathu amadola. Ababelezigqili babesusa umnotho ebantwini abansundu bezinothisa. Siyabona ukuthi lalabo ababekhokhela ilizwe leMelika abanjengabo mongameli (George) Washington, (Thomas) Jefferson, (James) Madison, (James)Monroe labanye babelezigqili. Abanye njalo kwakungabehluli bomthethwandaba.”
Uthi loba kufuneka ukuthi abansundu bahlawulwe, kumele bafundiswe ukusebenzisa imali kahle.
“Kumele babekwazi ukuthi imali isetshenziswa njani ngoba kungeke kuphume lutho nxa abantu bengaphiwa imali kuthiwe bayisebenzise. Kumele imali engatholwa ngabantu isetshenziswe kahle ukwenzela ukuthi bazithuthukise kahle.”
Baphinde bonke bavumelana ukuthi kukhanya sokumemetheka ubandlululo eMelika okungani lukhuthazwa nguMongameli Donald Trump. UVenson uthi lokhu kuyazikhanyela ngenxa yezenzo zikaTrump labanye bakhe.
“Silomongameli okwamanje okhuthaza konke lokhu. Ukhuluma ngokuthi ilizwe leli ngelikabani. Sibhekane lenkethabetshabi.”
USikhwicamfundo Browne-Marshall uthi owayengumongameli wakwele Melika, uMnu. Barack Obama kukhanya engani wavusa umhlonga walabo abalenkethabetshabi.
“Sibona engani ukuba lomongameli omnyaka eWhite House kwazondisa abanye abantu abalenkethabetshabi. Sebekwenza njalo ukuthi babonakele engani baqakatheke okwedlula yonke imihlobo. Loba kunjalo siyazama ukulwisana lakho konke lokhu.”
Uhulumende kaMongameli Trump okwamanje uyakuphikisa ukuthi ubandlulula abantu abansundu labanye abadabuka kwamanye amazwe. UTrump yena uthi kalankethabetshabi ngitsho lakancane.
Uhulumende wakhe kaphumeli egcekeni ngokuhlawulwa kwalabo abalezihlobo abenziwa izigqili kwele Melika.
Sokuleminyaka engamakhulu amane – 400 - kwafika izigqili kwele Melika.
